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KMID : 1143120220120040045
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Asia Pacific Allergy
2022 Volume.12 No. 4 p.45 ~ p.45
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Mechanisms and biomarkers of successful allergen-specific immunotherapy
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Lopez Juan-Felipe
Imam Manal Bel
Satitsuksanoa Pattraporn
Lems Sophieke
Yang Minglin
Hwang Yu-Kyoung
Losol Purevsuren
Choi Jun-Pyo
Kim Sae-Hoon
Chang Yoon-Seok
Akdis Mubeccel
Akdis Cezmi A.
van de Veen Willem
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Abstract
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Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is considered the only curative treatment for allergic diseases mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE). Currently, the route of administration depends both on the different types of causal allergens and on its effectiveness and safety profile. Several studies have reported the mechanisms and changes in humoral and cellular response underlying AIT; however, the full picture remains unknown. Knowledge of who can benefit from this type of treatment is urgently needed due to the patient safety risks and costs of AIT. In vivo or in vitro biomarkers have become a strategy to predict clinical outcomes in precision medicine. There are currently no standardized biomarkers that allow determining successful responses to AIT, however, some studies have found differences between responders and nonresponders. In addition, different candidates have been postulated that may have the potential to become biomarkers. In this review, we aim to summarize the findings to date related to biomarkers in different IgE-mediated allergic diseases (respiratory, food and venom allergy) with the potential to define who will benefit from AIT.
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KEYWORD
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Allergen-specific immunotherapy, Allergy, Biomarkers, IgE, Regulatory T cells, regulatory B cells
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